A bone mineral densitometry test (BMD) may also be referred to as a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan (DXA). The BMD is an enhanced form of low energy x-ray technology that is designed to detect possible bone loss or osteoporosis.
The scan measures the bone density to help your doctor find out if you have osteoporosis or are at risk of bone fractures.
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Bone Mineral Density scans are used to:
Many physicians recommend screening BMD for patients over the age of 50. According to Alberta Health Services a patient over age 50 is able to have a single BMD every 2 years, unless patients are high risk or require more frequent assessments.
If you are under the age of 50 and have the following risk factors, you will likely be recommended for a test:
Fracture after a minor fall or bump
Specific risk factors such as older age, certain medications and history of height loss
Prolonged oral steroid use (e.g. Prednisone)
Menopause, especially early menopause (before age 45)
Spine fracture or low bone density identified on x-ray
Conditions such as:
Rheumatoid arthritis
Crohn’s disease
Celiac disease
Hyperparathyroidism
Overactive thyroid
Diabetes
Liver or kidney disease and their associated treatments
Low body weight (less than 60 kg)
15 – 30 minutes
BMD is important because it helps detect low bone mass and osteoporosis, conditions that increase the risk of fractures. Early detection allows for preventive measures to strengthen bones and reduce the risk of fractures.
BMD is typically measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, which is a quick, non-invasive, and painless procedure that measures bone density in areas like the hip, spine, and wrist.
Yes, BMD can be improved through lifestyle changes such as increasing calcium and vitamin D intake, engaging in weight-bearing exercises, quitting smoking, and, in some cases, taking medications prescribed by a doctor.
Factors like age, gender, genetics, certain medications, lifestyle habits (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption), and medical conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid disease) can all affect BMD results.
BMD testing, especially with a DEXA scan, involves minimal exposure to radiation, making it a very low-risk procedure. The benefits of detecting bone loss early typically outweigh any risks.

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#140, 4774 Westwinds Drive NE
Calgary, AB T3J 0L7
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#12, 3575 Rundlehorn Drive NE
Calgary, AB T1Y 2K1
Phone 1 (587) 623 - 0900
Fax1 (587) 623 - 0901

#101, 2012 8th Avenue
Cold Lake, AB T9M 1C2
Phone 1 (780) 639 - 0900
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#309 1st Street SW, High River, AB
T1V 1R3
Phone 1 (587) 623 - 0900
Fax1 (587) 623 - 0901